基于GWR模型的中国5A级旅游景区空间异质性分析

随着5A级景区“退出机制”的实施，各地方政府越来越重视5A级景区的可持续发展.为了探讨中国5A级景区的时空演变特征及其影响因素的空间异质性，选取2007年、2011年、2015年全国5A级景区为研究对象，综合运用了空间自相关、空间回归模型、最邻近指数和地理集中指数等方法，结果显示：1) 中国5A级景区呈凝聚型分布，集中程度逐渐增强；2) 5A级景区在空间上的分布存在较强的依赖性，并非随机分布，2007年中国5A级景区的空间聚类整体上存在差异性，而2011年、2015年空间聚类的差异减小，但空间集聚态势加强；3) GWR模型要优于OLS模型，从全域视角，A级景区资源和公共交通密度对中国第一批5A级景区的分布具有显著的影响，随后公共交通密度的影响减弱，文化资源的开发程度影响增强.从局部视角，公共交通密度、文化资源的开发程度、自然生态环境以及A级景区资源在空间上均具有显著的异质性.

Spatial differentiation and its influencing factors of national 5A tourist attractions based on GWR in China

With the coming of the ‘withdrawal mechanism’， local governments pay more and more attention to the sustainable development of 5A tourist attractions. This paper investigates how 5A tourist attractions are spatially distributed， and what affect they. The results show that， 1) The spatial distribution of the national 5A tourist attractions was clustered， and the degree of concentration increased gradually. 2) There was a strong spatial dependence on the distribution of 5A spots， not randomly distributed. 3) By comparing OLS and GWR model， we found GWR model had been better performance. In addition， the spatial distribution of the 5A tourist attractions was affected by the transportation， A-class tourist attractions resources， cultural resources and ecological environment in China.