聚合物防蜡剂的研制及其结构对性能的影响

为解决原油析蜡的问题 ,深入研究了防蜡剂分子结构与性能间的关系 .在实验室通过自由基共聚合反应合成了一系列苯乙烯 -马来酸酯 -丙烯腈三元共聚物防蜡剂 SMANE,对产物进行了红外表征 ;通过测定其在模拟油中的防蜡效果 ,考查了聚合物的相对分子质量、单元化学计量数之比、酯化程度、酯链长度、混合酯链等结构因素对防蜡效果的影响 .实验结果表明 :苯乙烯、马来酸酯与丙烯腈化学计量数之比为 5∶ 5∶ 1 ,酯化比例为 1∶ 1 .5～ 1∶ 2的十六醇或十八醇的单一酯化物和复配酯化物对模拟油具有较好的防蜡效果 ,且分子内复配比分子间复配效果更好 ;同时也表明只有深入研究防蜡剂结构与性能的关系 ,针对具体情况研制有针对性的产品 ,才能取得较好的效果 .

Preparation of Polymeric Paraffin Inhibitors and the Relationship Between Their Property and Structure

A series of paraffin inhibitors, styrene maleicate acrylonitrile tertiary polymers, were synthesized by radical combined polymerization. Their infrared spectrograms were analysed. The influences of their structure, such as relative molecular mass, unit molar ratio, esterification degree, ester chain length and the blend of ester chain, on their paraffin inhibiting effectiveness were studied. The results of the study show that, the copolymers of the single or complex ester of hexadecanol and octadecanol have good paraffin inhibiting effectiveness when the mol ratio of styrene, maleicate and acrylonitril is 5:5:1 and esterification ratio is 1:1.5～1:2.0, and that intramolecular complex is better than intermolecular complex.