锥体上滚实验仪的改进与定量测试的实现

经过改进后的锥体上滚实验仪,克服了传统实验仪轨道夹角、轨道平面倾角与双锥体均固定不变以及相关参数不便测量的弊端,即实现了两轨道夹角γ、轨道平面倾角（即轨道平面与水平面夹角α）以及轨道轴承端支撑杆上下均可以调节.不同双锥体（直径、高）只要满足上滚条件,双锥体就能实现上滚,从而能定量地验证机械能守恒定律.本文着重阐述改进后的锥体上滚实验装置与实验原理,对实验所获数据与理论值进行了比较,说明采用改进后的仪器具有较高精度的定量化.改进后的实验仪可以通过实验设计、仪器组装与调节、参数测量与推算等动手过程有效提高学生的实际操作能力。

Improvement of Cone Rolling up Experiment Instrument and Its Realization of Quantitative Measurement

The improved cone rolling experiment instrument overcomes the disadvantages of traditional experiment instrument,which are fixed orbital plane angle and only one double cone and some relevant parameters can not measured.It realizes that the orbital plane angle and support bar can be adjusted and measured,there are many cone size.Improved instrument can realize cone rolling up if only under consition of.Thus,the law of energy conservation can be quantitative proved.In this paper,the improved experiment device and the principle of cone rolling up were expounded.By comparing the measuring data with the theoretical value,improved instrument were shown higher accuracy in quantification.The improved experiment instrument can enhance the students′ practical ability through the design of experiments,instrument assembly and adjustment,parameter measurement and calculation,etc.