企业人类学：作为一门世界性的前沿学科

企业人类学产生于20世纪30年代，经历了几个不同的发展阶段，主要参与推动企业人类学发展的有美国、中国、日本等三个国家的人类学家：在美国，沃纳被称为工业人类学或组织人类学之父；在中国，费孝通先生由于最早探讨农村工业化问题，是中国企业人类学的祖师爷；在日本，中牧弘允教授是“经营人类学”之父。通过2009年举行的国际人类学与民族学联合会第16届世界大会，企业人类学把工业人类学、组织人类学、工商人类学、经营人类学等不同的名称整合起来，形成了一个人类学的新兴分支学科，亦即成为了一个世界性的前沿学科。2009年，可称为国际企业人类学的元年。

An Overview of Enterprise Anthropology. A Frontier Discipline Worldwide

Enterprise anthropology, originated from 1930s, underwent different phases in three major sponsors： U. S. A. , China and Japan. In U. S. A. , W. L. Warner is often considered as the father of industrial anthropology or organizational anthropology while in China, Mr. Fei Xiaotong the ancestor master of enterprise anthropology, the first to explore the issue of rural indus- trialization. Hirochika Nakamaki, likewise, is the father of anthropology of administration in Japan. In the 16th World Congress of the International Union of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences held in 2009, enterprise anthropology integrates different terms, such as industrial anthropology, organizational anthropology, business anthropology, anthropology of administration, and etc. , thus, comes into a new subdiscipline of anthropology, which is defined .in this paper the frontier discipline worldwide. Therefore, the year 2009 is to be treated as the first year of enterprise anthropology internationally.