Taxonomy Based Models for Reasoning: Making Inferences from Electronic Road Sign Information |
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Authors: | Brigitte Cambon de Lavalette Charles Tijus Christine Leproux Olivier Bauer |
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Institution: | (1) INRETS-LPC 2 avenue du Général Malleret-Joinville, 94114 Arcueil, cédex;(2) Laboratoire CNRS-ESA 7021 Cognition et Activités Finalisées Université de Paris 8, 2 rue de la Liberté F-93526 St, DenisCédex02, France |
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Abstract: | Taxonomy Based modeling was applied to describe drivers’ mental models of variable message signs (VMS’s) displayed on expressways.
Progress in road telematics has made it possible to introduce variable message signs (VMS’s). Sensors embedded in the carriageway
every 500m record certain variables (speed, flow rate, etc.) that are transformed in real time into “driving times” to a given
destination if road conditions do not change.
VMS systems are auto-regulative Man-Machine (AMMI) systems which incorporate a model of the user: if the traffic flow is too
high, then drivers should choose alternative routes. In so doing, the traffic flow should decrease. The model of the user
is based on suppositions such as: people do not like to waste time, they fully understand the displayed messages, they trust
the displayed values, they know of alternative routes. However, people also have a model of the way the system functions.
And if they do not believe the contents of the message, they will not act as expected.
We collected data through interviews with drivers using the critical incidents technique (Flanagan, 1985). Results show that
the mental models that drivers have of the way the VMS system works are various but not numerous and that most of them differ
from the“ideal expert” mental model. It is clear that users don’t have an adequate model of how the VMS system works and that
VMS planners have a model of user behaviour that does not correspond to the behaviour of the drivers we interviewed. Finally,
Taxonomy Based Modeling is discussed as a tool for mental model remediation. |
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Keywords: | electronic road signs inference Man-Machine Interaction mental model |
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