光控基因技术研究进展

 光控基因技术指将一系列特定基因转进入神经细胞后,可用光的开关来控制神经元活动的技术。经过10余年的发展,光控基因技术成为一项成熟而稳定的生物常规技术。介绍了光控基因技术的历史、发展、其核心工具光敏蛋白的优点和光遗传学工具箱的开发及改进,综述了光控基因技术在神经科学从亚细胞层面到神经网络层面的实验应用,以及在治疗失明、镇痛、治疗心律失常、帕金森病及癌症等方面的临床应用。

Progress in optogenetics

Optogenetics technology refers to transfection of specific genes into neurons and the neural activity can be turned on and off with the light. After ten years of development, optogenetics has become a mature and stable routine biological technology. This review focuses on the history of optogenetics, its development and various newly developed toolboxes. Finally, the application of optogenetics in neuroscience from the subcellular level to the neural network level and the clinical application in the treatment of blindness and analgesia are introduced.