垂直沉积法自组装胶体光子晶体的研究进展

光子晶体是一类电介质常数非均匀分布的人工材料,由于其折射率的非均匀分布对入射电磁波的调制会产生类似于半导体能带结构的光子带隙特性.自1987年提出光子晶体的概念以来,采用自组装方法制备胶体晶体已成为近年来的光子晶体领域的研究热点.基于垂直沉积的自组装方法因具有设备简单、经济,制备周期短, 晶体层厚可控等优点而受到日益广泛的重视.本文阐述了垂直沉积法自组装的机理、实验方法、缺陷控制、应用研究等方面的最新进展,并对垂直沉积法自组装光子晶体的发展趋势及前景作了介绍.

The Progress in Fabrication of Self-assembled Colloidal Photonic Crystal Via Vertical Deposition Technique

Photonic crystal is a type of synthetic material with photonic band gaps.When electromagnetic wave propagates in certain directions with specified frequencies,the nonhomogeneous dielectric constants distribution will operate and prevent it from propagating,namely the photonic band gaps appears.Ever since Yablonovitch and John proposed the concept of photonic crystal,extensive interests has existed in fabricating colloidal crytals for photonic application via self-assembly method in the use of gravity,centrifugal force,lateral capillary forces or externally applied electric potentials.Among these self-assembled methods,the vertical deposition technique proposed by Nagayam and later developed by Jiang et al is getting more and more attentions for its facile,cost-effective,short fabrication period,and crystal layer controllable characteristics.In this paper,we summarize the latest progress of vertical deposition technique on self-assembled mechanism,several typical modified fabrication methods are presented with comparison.Defect control and possible applications are also mentioned,and the outlook which may be achieved is introduced.