大气湍流对激光束传输特性的影响

激光束湍流大气传输的研究对遥感、跟踪和远距离光通信,以及高功率激光武器等应用都有十分重要的意义.大气湍流会改变光束的传输特性和降低光束质量.介绍了近年来国内外激光束湍流大气传输特性研究进展,主要包括大气湍流对不同类型激光束的光强分布、光束质量、光束扩展、方向性、光谱特性、偏振特性、相干特性和等效曲率半径影响的研究进展,并介绍了主要的解析研究方法,如Rytov相位结构函数二次近似、强起伏模型和积分变换的技巧等.研究表明:大气湍流对激光束传输特性的影响与激光束本身特性,如空间相干性、时间相干性、模式、光阑限制情况以及列阵光束的叠加方式等因素有关.另外,还提出了该领域值得进一步深入研究的一些问题.

Influence of the Atmospheric Turbulence on Propagation Properties of Laser Beams

Studies of laser beams propagating through atmospheric turbulence are important for many applications such as remote sensing,tracking,long-distance optical communications,and high-energy weapons.Due to atmospheric turbulence,the propagation property changes and the beam quality degrades.We introduce the progress of the propagation property topic of laser beams through atmospheric turbulence for recent years,including the influence of turbulence on intensity distribution,beam quality,beam spreading,directionality,spectrum,polarization,coherence and effective radius of curvature of different types of laser beams.We also introduce the main analytical methods,such as the quadratic approximation of Rytov’s phase structure function,the method of strong fluctuation condition of turbulence,and the technique of integral transform.It is shown that the influence of turbulence on propagation properties depends on the laser beam characters,such as partially spatial coherence,partially temporal coherence,beam mode,truncated parameter and type of beam combination.In addition,some interesting questions for further research are also mentioned.