二棱大麦数量性状相关遗传力和选择指数分析

以15个二棱大麦品种(系)为材料,用相关遗传力研究大麦数量性状的相关遗传,并计算分析籽粒产量和产量构成性状所组合的各种选择指数。结果表明:各性状与单株粒重的相关遗传力均低于单株粒重的遗传力,因而仅利用一个性状作间接选择的效率比对单株粒重作直接选择的效率低,在构成大麦产量的三要素中,着重提高单株穗数对产量的选择效率为最大;高产育种同时考虑与产量显著相关的性状比单纯对产量选择的效果好,其中以单株穗数、每穗粒数和籽粒产量结合起来选择的效果最佳。本文并对相关遗传力在相关遗传变异分析中的应用进行了讨论。

Correlation heritability and evaluation of selection indices of quantitative traits of the two-rowed barley

The correlation heritability, a new genetic parameter, was used in our experiment to study the correlative inheritance of quantitative traits of 15 varieties of the barley (Hordeum distichon L.) and various selection indices composed of the grain yeild and yield-comprising traits were evaluated for comparison of selection efficiency. Results showed that correlation heritability between the grain weight /plant and various traits was lower than the heritability of grain weight/plant. Thus, the efficiency of indirect selection based on any single trait was lower than that of direct selection on grain weight per plant. Among three traits essential for barley yield, the best selection efficiency was to increase the number of ears/plant when the other two traits remained equal. The combined selection based on traits significantly related to yield was better than the selection merely on the grain yield per plant. It was suggested that the selection composed of the number ot ears/plant, The number of grains/ear and grain yield was better than any other combination.