药理研究中常用学习记忆障碍动物模型的行为学分析

目的本研究对老年、基底前脑损伤、东莨菪碱注射和双侧颈总动脉结扎大鼠四种药理研究中常用的学习记忆障碍动物模型的行为学表现进行了分析。方法采用水迷宫及旷场分析法对上述四种动物模型组及正常青年对照和假手术组进行了研究,数据采用多因素方差分析法处理。结果发现老年动物学习记忆能力减弱,对新环境的紧张程度增强,但空间认知能力及兴奋性无明显改变;基底前脑损伤动物的学习记忆及空间认知能力明显下降,但兴奋性及情绪反应正常;东莨菪碱动物模型不但学习记忆及空间认知能力明显下降,而且兴奋性异常增强;双侧颈总动脉结扎动物的学习记忆及空间认知能力明显下降,但兴奋性及情绪反应正常。结论从行为学角度将上述四种动物模型进行了比较,为药理学研究应用这些模型提供了背景资料。

Behavioral Analyses of Learning and Memory Obstructed Animal Models Used Commonly in Pharmacological Study

Objective To observe and analyse behavioral characteristics of the rats in four kinds of animal models of learning and memory disturbances(model of aged rat,the animal model of learning and memory disturbances caused by damaged basal forebrain,caused by injection of scopolamine,and caused by ligation of bilateral carotids) used commonly in pharmacological study.Methods The learning and memory ability of the rats,spatial cognitive ability of the rats, and excitability and emotion of the rats in new circumstance were observed by water maze and open field tests in the four model groups,control group of young rats,and control group of pseudo-operation.Results The learning and memory ability of the aged rats was significantly decreased and they became more nervous in the new circumstance,with normal spatial cognitive ability and excitability.The learning and memory ability and spatial cognitive ability of the rats of damaged basal forebrain were markedly decreased,but their excitability and emotion in the new circumstance were normal.In the model group of injection of scopolamine,the learning and memory ability and spatial cognitive ability of the rats were decreased and their excitability in the new circumstance was enhanced.In the model group of ligation of bilateral carotids,the learning and memory ability and spatial cognitive ability of the rats were markedly decreased,but their excitability and emotion in the new circumstance were normal.Conclusion These results could come up with background information that would be beneficial to better uses of the four kinds of animal model of learning and memory disturbances in the pharmacological studies.