山东省地下水特征污染组分识别研究

利用已有地下水环境监测数据开展地下水典型污染组分识别工作,可以更深入地了解区域地下水环境状况,为社会经济发展和水质安全提供保障.运用因子分析(FA)法对山东省地下水典型污染组分进行识别.结果表明:山东省地下水环境质量主要受控于含水层天然地球化学特性.典型污染组分有COD、F^-、Se、Pb、Hg、Cr和As.有机污染物对山东省地下水环境污染的影响最大,其次是F^-和Se,影响最小的是重金属污染物.有机污染物主要与化工企业,尤其是石油加工行业有关;F^-和Se主要来自海水入侵和天然水文地球化学过程;重金属污染物主要来自城市污水、农业活动、采矿业和港航业.建议进一步引进新技术,降低污染物排放,切实保护地下水环境.

Identification of groundwater characteristic pollution components in Shandong Province

Groundwater environment monitoring data were used to identify typical groundwater pollution components, to understand regional groundwater environment status, and to guarantee social and economic development and water quality safety. Factor analysis (FA) was used to identify typical polluted components in groundwater in Shandong. Groundwater environmental quality in Shandong Province was found to be mainly controlled by natural geochemical characteristics of the aquifer. Typical pollution components were found to be COD, F-, Se, Pb, Hg, Cr and As. Organic pollutants were found to have the greatest impact on groundwater environmental pollution, followed by fluorine and selenium, and by heavy metal pollutants. Organic pollutants were mainly related to chemical companies, especially in the petroleum processing industry. Fluorine and selenium mainly came from seawater intrusion and natural hydrogeochemical processes. Heavy metal pollutants came from urban sewage, agricultural activities, mining and port industry. Introduction of new technologies might reduce pollutant emissions and protect groundwater environment.