不同模式对虾养殖水体中硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的变化特征及其影响因素

于2001年10月15～19日在广西海洋研究所曲湾养殖基地，选择养殖南美白对虾(Penaeus vannamei)的8个封闭式的工厂化养殖池和4个开放式的水泥底普通养殖池，连续5d取样分析不同模式、不同密度、不同面积养殖水体中硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的变化及其与环境因子之间的关系。结果表明，工厂化养殖水体中，硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐含量显著偏高，平均值分别为11．31mg／L和4．70mg／L；硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐含量随时间增加而升高，随养殖面积增大而下降。普通养殖水体中，硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐含量显著偏低，平均值分别为0．017mg／L和0．060mg／L，硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐含量在时间变化上无明显规律性。养殖水体中硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐含量与COD呈显著的正相关，与叶绿素a含量呈显著负相关关系，突出体现化学作用的输入影响及生物吸收的输出影响。

The Variation Characteristic and Its Influence Factors of NO3-N and NO2-N Contents in Different Modes of the Water Body for the Culture of Shrimp

In Quwang culture base of Guangxi Ocean Research Institute,we chose 8 close industrial culture pool which were culturing Penaeus vannamei and 4 open normal culture pool which had cement ground.We draw samples continuously for 5 days.An analysis on relationship between NO 3-N and NO 2-N content variation in different modes,density and area of the water body for the culture of shrimp dated on Oct.15~19,2001 and its environment factors has been carried out.The result shows that NO 3-N and NO 2-N contents in the water body for the industrial culture of shrimp presents remarkably high with a several average of 11.31 mg/L and 4.70 mg/L,namely,the contents are up as time goes on and are down dip as the culture area expands,while the contents present strikingly low in normal water body without any evident regularity with time variation.The average was severally 0.017mg/L and 0.060 mg/L.But COD and NO 3-N and NO 2-N contents in the water body present strong positive correlation while chlorophyll and NO 3-N and NO 2-N contents present strong negative correlation.This remarkably reflects the input effects of chemical reaction and the output effects of biological absorption.