二氧化碳电化学还原催化剂

二氧化碳回收及利用是控制全球气候变暖的一项紧迫任务,具有能源、环境、经济多重现实意义。电催化方法可以在温和条件下使二氧化碳还原为高附加值的燃料、精细化工产品,具有广阔应用前景。本文针对二氧化碳电催化关键技术,从异相催化和均相催化剂两个方面进行了综述,并扼要介绍了光电催化的前沿进步。在未来研究中,从分子水平上认识催化机理,对现有异相、均相催化剂针对性改性,是开发新型高效、长寿催化剂的关键,也是低过电位下选择性生成燃料的核心技术。现有电化学、光电化学反应器的设计与建造为二氧化碳的电催化转化提供重要的工程技术支持,同时为人工“碳循环”和人类自身的可持续发展进行了前沿探索,将为人类未来生存提供广阔的发展空间。

Catalysts for Electrochemical Reduction of Carbon Dioxide

The recycling and utilization of CO2 is an important task to cope with the global warming, and has multiple significances in the energy, environment and economy. The electrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide to liquid fuels and fine chemicals, which can occur under mild conditions, offers a promising future for human beings. Concentrated on the key technology for CO2 electrocatalytic conversion, this paper reviewed current progress for heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysis, and some of photoelectrocatalysis of CO2 was briefly introduced. Moreover, this paper pointed out that the future research should focus on molecular level to probe the modification for these electrocatalysts. This is important not only to high efficient and tolerant catalysts, but also to core technology to produce fuels at low overvoltage with high selectivity. In addition, the design and buildup of electrochemical and photo-electrochemical reactors will provide engineering basis for CO2 electrocatalytic conversion, which helps to realize sustainable development and provide further space for human beings in future.