静态地图符号视觉变量的分类及作用

以多年地图设计实践经验和实验观察资料为依据,对静态地图符号视觉变量的应用效果作了分析和评价.在此基础上,对传统视觉变量类型作了重新整合,删除了一些不合理的类型,建立了新的视觉变量分类体系.将一级变量分为图形和色彩两种类型,图形变量又分为形状、尺寸、纹理三种二级类型,色彩变量又分为色相、纯度、亮度三种二级类型,还将二级变量分为三级类型.此外,对各种视觉变量的作用作了深入分析.在表达地图内容系统性特征方面,形状、纹理、色相变量可用于更好地表达分类信息,尺寸、亮度、纯度变量可用于表达内容的等级、层次、数量的对比信息.在表征地理事物的个体属性方面,视觉变量能用于表达客体的色彩、肌理、质地、冷暖、重量等外在和内在的物理属性信息,还能用于象征各种社会经济属性信息.

Classification and Function of the Visual Variables of Static Map Symbol

Based on many years of map design and experimental observation,this paper analyzes and evaluates the application effect of the visual variable of map symbol.On the basis of this,the traditional visual variable types are re integrated,some unreasonable types are discarded,and a new visual variable classification system is established.The primary visual variable is divided into graphics and color two types,graphic variables is divided into shape,size,texture three secondary type,color variable and hue,purity,brightness three secondary types,secondary variables are divided into three types.In addition,this paper makes a deep analysis on the functions of various visual variables.In expressing map the contents of the system characteristics,shape,texture and hue variables can be used to better express the classification information.size,brightness and saturation variables can be used to express the content grade,level,number information.In terms of individual property characterization of geographical objects,visual variables to express the object color,texture,temperature,weight extrinsic and intrinsic physical property information for,but also can be used for symbol of a variety of social economy attribute information.