西藏地方政府在第二次廓尔喀战争中的作用

1791年,廓尔喀借与西藏地方的账目未清,索要欠款为由出兵侵藏,占据了聂拉木、济隆、宗喀等地,而后派兵洗劫了扎什伦布寺。1792年,乾隆帝派出以福康安、海兰察为首的大军入藏驱除廓尔喀侵略者,并取得了完胜。这次廓尔喀战争之所以能取得胜利,首功当归福康安、海兰察率领的大军在前线的浴血奋战,以及孙士毅、和琳、惠龄为首的后方运输供给系统的奋发努力。同时,西藏地方政府在战争中的积极配合,以及在粮饷、军火等方面的竭力支持,也是这次战争得以取得胜利的重要因素之一。文章利用原始档案,对西藏地方政府在这次战争中所发挥的作用进行了初步分析,以使人们看到西藏人民在这次反侵略战争中所作出的贡献。

On the Role of Tibetan Local Government in the Second Gorkha War

In 1791,Gorkha occupied gnyav-nang,skyid-grong,tsong-kha and some other areas of Tibet under the pretense of unsettled account and asking for repayment of debts,Tashilhunpo Monastery was ransacked by Gorkhas＇ troop later.In 1792,the emperor Qian Long dispatched the army headed by Fu Kang-an and Hai Lancha to Tibet to drive out the invading army of Gorkha,Qing troops won handily.The victory could be attributed to bloody battles of troops led by Fu Kang-an and Hai Lan-cha at the front and efforts made by supply system led by Sun Shi-yi,He Lin and Hui Ling.Moreover,the local government of Tibet actively supported the war in provisions and funds,weapons,which was also one important reasons of the victory.Preliminary analysis on the role of local government of Tibet is done by source file in the article,aiming to show the contribution of Tibetan people in the war against aggression.