轴瓦合金层应力的有限元分析

建立了合金屋、钢背和轴承座的三层圆筒模型，利用ANSYS软件对轴瓦应力，尤其是合金层应力进行了计算，计算过程中考虑应力沿合金厚度方向的变化，结果显示，轴瓦周向应力分布取决于油膜压力的梯度，最大拉应力位于压力梯度最大处，而周向压应力的峰值则位于压力梯度方向改变处，径向应力的分布与滑膜压力的分布相同，压应力存在于油膜压力区域，径向应力与周向应力的最大值位于轴瓦合金层内表面，剪应力存在于压力峰值周围，并有一个转向过程，且剪应力的峰值位于轴瓦中截面合金层与钢背的结合处，理论计算证实，轴瓦合金层愈薄，疲劳强度愈高。

Finite Element Analysis of Stress Distribution on Bearing Alloy

A three layer cylinder model containing alloy, steel lining and housing was established. With the help of finite element method(FEM) software package ANSYS, and considering the stress change along alloy thickness, the bearing stress especially in alloy layer was calculated. The results show that the tangential stress distribution is decided by pressure gradient, that is, the maximum tensile stress locates where maximum pressure gradient is, while the compressive stress locates where pressure gradients change their direction. The distribution of radial stress is the same as that of oil film pressure, which means compressive stress at the pressure region. The radial and tangential stress maximums are both in the inner surface of bearing alloy. The shear stress is near the maximum pressure, and reaches max at the bonding surface of mid section between backing and alloy. It is proved by theoretical calculation that the thinner the alloy, the higher the bearing fatigue strength.