中国湿地生态健康评价研究进展

随着湿地面积减少、结构退化和功能减弱等问题的出现，近年来有关湿地生态系统健康备受关注，已成为湿地科学的研究热点．笔者对近十几年来国内湿地生态健康研究状况进行了概述，综述表明：湿地生态系统健康概念逐渐成熟，但目前尚没有统一的定义；湿地生态健康评价的应用领域不断拓展，已经涉及湖泊、河流、沿海等多种湿地类型；湿地生态系统健康评价方法趋于多样化，由传统的指示物种法、指标体系法至运用3s等新技术多种方法相结合，使得研究过程更简便，评价结果更加精确．湿地生态健康的研究对湿地管理和保护有重要意义，但目前在健康评价中需要更加紧密的结合当地的湿地生态系统结构和受威胁状况，选择和构建适宜的评价指标体系，作进一步研究．

RESEARCH PROGRESS ON WETLAND ECOLOGICAL HEALTH

In recent years, with the emergence of the problem of wetland area reducing, degradation and function abate, the wetland ecosystem health increasingly causes the attention of people, structural and it has become the hot spot of the wetland science research. In this paper, the research status of wetland ecological health at home and abroad in more than ten years is summarized. Review shows that the concept of wetland ecosystem health gradually matures, but there is no unified definition. The application areas of wetland ecological health are extending gradually, refer to various types of wetland such as the lakes, rivers and coastal wetland etc. The evaluation methods of wetland ecosystem health are diversification including the traditional indicator species method, the index system of species and using the new technologies combining such as 3S, then the research processes are much simpler and the evaluation results are more accurate. Wetland ecological health has the important meaning for wetland management and protection. But at present health assessment needs to be more closely combined with the local wetland ecological system structure and threatened status, and to choose and construct the appropriate evaluation index system. These problems head to be further researched.