南海北部深水油气新认识

南海北部陆缘深水区由于陆缘地壳的强烈伸展减薄,形成了多个宽深断陷所构成的盆地群,发育多种类型烃源岩和大型储集砂体。大型盆地、广泛分布的多类型烃源岩、高-变地温场的耦合共控,奠定了深水油气资源的物质基础。大型供给水系、构造地貌、相对海平面升降的相互作用,形成3种类型的沉积体系,控制了深水区大型储集体的发育和展布,但高热流加速了深水沉积物压实和成岩作用。南海北部陆缘深水油气勘探前景广阔,烃源岩、有效储层以及热流3因素的复杂多变,决定了油气勘探中机遇与挑战并存。

Deep water oil and gas in Northern South China Sea: New insights

Several basin groups with wide and deep grabens were formed through intensive stretching and thinning of the continental-margin crust in northern shelf margin of the South China Sea, with various types of hydrocarbon source rocks and massive reservoir sand bodies being developed. It is the coupling control of large-scale basins, widely distributed multiple source rocks and high-variable geothermal fields that established the generic foundation for deep-water hydrocarbon resources. With the interaction of large drainage systems, tectonic relief and relative sea-level fluctuation, three types of depositional systems were formed to control the development and the distribution of large-scale reservoirs whilst the high heat-flow accelerated the compaction and the diagenesis of deep-water sediments. The deep-water hydrocarbon exploration is very promising at the northern shelf margin of the South China Sea although with some challenges due to the complexity and the variability of three factors:source rocks, effective reservoir rocks and heat flow.