高宝邵伯湖关键地理要素时空演变遥感监测

基于1977—2020年的37景Landsat遥感影像,采用人机交互目视解译、决策树分类等方法提取了高宝邵伯湖近43年养殖区、沉水植被、浮叶植被、滩地和耕地等地理要素,从要素的长时序时空动态演变分析了高宝邵伯湖地理要素的变化过程。结果表明:养殖区面积整体呈现先增后减的趋势,其变化主要受政策调控的影响;菹草为水生植被优势种,在2010年之后暴发式生长,几乎覆盖全湖;耕地多分布在高邮湖北部,面积先增后减,滩地多分布在高邮湖北部及近岸区域,面积不断减少,两者最终均主要转变为养殖区;湖泊地理要素变化热点区位于高邮湖北部,受政策和经济利益驱动,此处滩地、耕地、养殖区之间的转化十分显著。

Remote sensing monitoring on temporal-spatial evolution of key geographic elements in Gaobaoshaobo Lake

This study employed several approaches to extract key geographic elements(i. e. , aquaculture area, submerged vegetation, floating-leaved vegetation, marsh and cultivated land)using the 37 Landsat image data from 1977 to 2020. Thereafter, the evolution process of geographic elements in the Gaobaoshaobo Lake was analyzed from the temporal and spatial dynamic evolution of elements in long time series. The main conclusions are as follows: As a whole, the area of aquaculture areas increased first and then decreased, which was mainly affected by the policy regulation. Potamogeton crispus is a dominant species of aquatic vegetation and has grown explosively to block waterways since 2010. The cultivated land was mainly disturbed in the north of Gaoyou Lake, and the area increased first and then decreased. Most of the marsh was disturbed in the north and near the coast of Gaoyou Lake, and the area of marsh is decreasing. Both are mainly converted into aquaculture areas. The change hotspot is located in the north of Gaoyou Lake, and driven by the policy regulation and economic interests, the transformation among marsh, cultivated land and aquaculture area is quite significant.