高速公路车流量与车辆密度关系研究^①

在一些汽车靠右行驶的国家或地区（如荚固，中国大陆等等），在多车道的高速公路上行驶须遵循以下交通规则：司机必须在最右侧驾驶，除非他们正在起车。超车时必须先移到左佣车道后再超车并返回到原车道。谈文运用计算机璃程方法，研究在车辆严格遵守以上规则的情况下，道路车流量，车辆密度以及在限速条件下速度均值之间的关系。研究结果表明，当车辆密度较小时，车流量和车辆密度几乎成正比；随着车辆密度的上升，车流量在达到峰值之后开始缓慢下降。该文的研究成果对合理有效管理高速公路的运营承成具有理论与实践意义。

Study on the relationship between the highway traffic and traffic density

In countries where driving automobiles on the right is the rule （that is, USA, China and most other countries except for Great Britain, Australia, and some former British colonies）, multi-lane freeways often employa rule that requires drivers to drive in the right-most lane unless they are passing another vehicle, irt which case they move one lane to the left, pass, and return to their former travel lane.This paper using computer programming method, researches the relationship between traffic flow, traffic density and mean velocity at speed limits condition whenvehicles strictly follow the above rule. Research shows that when traffic density is small, traffic flow is nearly proportional to traffic density. With rising traffic density, traffic flow decreases slowly after its peak. The research results of this paper has theoretical and practical significance for the reasonable and effective management of highway operating bearing. Key words：highway, road traffic, vehicle density