GPS/GLONASS/BDS/Galileo数据质量的对比分析

论文采用MGEX（Multi-GNSS Experiment, MGEX）80个观测站点数据，选择数据利用率、周跳比和多路径效应等运用Anubis软件研究了定位性能的定量评价方法。结果表明，GPS、GLONASS和Galileo数据利用率的平均值均大于设置的阈值（80%），而BDS数据利用率的平均值较低，仅为58.04%；周跳比平均值从大到小依次为Galileo、BDS、GPS和GLONASS；所有频点中，Galileo系统E5频点多路径效应平均值最小，GLONASS系统G1频点多路径效应平均值最大。以定位精度和收敛时间作为定量评价指标，分别选取数据质量不同的观测站进行静态模拟动态单系统精密单点定位解算，分析表明周跳比对定位精度的影响程度更为显著，数据利用率和多路径效应与收敛时长无显著关联，周跳比大的数据收敛快。

Comparative analysis of GPS/GLONASS/BDS/Galileo data quality

Using 80 MGEX (Multi-GNSS Experiment, MGEX) observation network data as the data sources, some quantitative evaluation indicators, such as data utilization rate, cycle slip ratio and multipath effect, were applied to evaluating the quality analysis results by the Anubis software. The results showed that the average values of GPS, GLONASS and Galileo data utilization were over the set threshold (80%), while the average value of BDS data utilization was less than 80%, only 58.04%. The descending order of the average value of cycle slip ratio was Galileo, BDS, GPS, and GLONASS. Among all frequency points, the minimal average value of the multipath effect was the E5 frequency point of the Galileo system , and its maximum value was the G1 frequency point of the GLONASS system. Stations with the best data quality and the poorest data quality were selected for the experiments of static simulation and kinematic single-system precise point positioning(PPP). The positioning accuracy and convergence time were used as quantitative evaluation indicators for quantitative evaluation. According to the analysis of the evaluation results, the difference of data quality had directly affect the accuracy of PPP. The effects of data utilization, multipath effect, and cycle slip ratio on positioning performance were discussed respectively. The results showed that the cycle slip had obvious effect on positioning accuracy. The data utilization rate and multipath effect did not correlate significantly with the convergence rate, but the higher the cycle slip ratio, the faster the convergence.