2001—2017年哈尔滨市建设用地扩张时空特征分析

以哈尔滨市2001年、2008年、2013年和2017年四期遥感影像解译数据为基础，运用规则格网法、等扇分析法和公共边测度法等空间分析方法，以及用形状指数、斑块密度、聚集度等指标分阶段分析16年间哈尔滨市建设用地扩张强度、形态、方向和模式等特征。研究发现：（1）2001-2017年间研究区建设用地扩张呈现由缓到强势增长后又缓慢扩张态势，并且各个区域建设用地扩张强度指数也有所不同；（2）2001-2017年间，聚集度、斑块密度逐渐增加，形状指数逐渐减小；（3）城市扩张方向性明显，总体来看，向南扩展速率最快，并且实现了城市扩张格局由主要朝单一方向发展变为朝多个方向同时发展的转变；（4）不同时期不同区域内研究区建设用地扩张模式有所不同。整体看来，蔓延式扩张面积占建设用地总增加面积的比例最大，飞地式扩张面积所占比例最小，且所分布区域比较分散。

Analysis of Temporal and Spatial Characteristics of Construction Land Expansion in Harbin from 2001 to 2017

Based on the interpretation data of remote sensing images of Harbin 2001, 2008, 2013 and 2017, spatial analysis methods such as regular grid method, equal fan analysis method and public edge measure method, and shape index are used. The indicators such as plaque density and agglomeration degree are analyzed in stages, such as the intensity, shape, direction and mode of construction land expansion in Harbin in 16 years. The study found that: (1) The expansion of construction land in the study area from 2001 to 2017 showed a slow expansion after a slow to strong growth, and the expansion strength index of construction land in each region was also different; (2) Between 2001 and 2017, the degree of aggregation, The plaque density gradually increases, and the shape index decreases gradually. (3) The urban expansion direction is obvious. Generally speaking, the southward expansion rate is the fastest, and realized the transformation of the urban expansion pattern from the main direction to the single direction to the simultaneous development in multiple directions; (4) The expansion pattern of construction land in the research area is different in different regions. In general, the spread expansion area accounts for the largest proportion of the total increase in construction land, the enclave-type expansion area accounts for the smallest proportion, and the distribution area is relatively scattered.