正电子素络合形成研究(英文)

本文讨论了正电子素与在30％(v/v)乙醇—水及20％(v/v)二氧六环—水溶剂中的N—(对位取代苯基)氨基乙酸、N—(间位取代苯基)氨基乙酸间的络合形成。描述了应用BaF_2闪烁记数器的正电子湮没寿命谱仪。藉助于这个新型的正电子湮没寿命谱仪,测量了正电子素与溶液中的氨基乙酸衍生物的络合形成的反应速度常数。结果表明,其反应速度常数值依赖于苯环的共轭效应、取代苯基的诱导效应及溶剂的性质。在反应速度常数与N—取代苯基氨基乙酸的碱性离解常数的负对数值间存在着线性自由能关系。这表明,正电子素与分子的瞬态络合形成很象通常的化学反应,遵守经典的规律。

Studies on Complex Formation of Positronium

The Complex formation between ortho-positronium and N-(p-substituted-phenyl) glycine ( p-RPhG,G=NHCH2COOH; R = NO2, Cl, H, CH3, CH3O) or N-(m-substi-tuted-phenyl) glycine (m-RPhG, R = NO2, Cl) in solutions of 30% (v/ v) ethanol-water and 20% (v/v) dioxane-water is discussed. The application of BaF2 scintillation counter to a positron annihilation lifetime spectrometer is described. By means of this new type of spectrometer, the complex formation reaction rate constants of ortho-positronium with the glycine derivatives in solutions are determined. The results indicate that the rate constants mainly depend on the conjugation effect at the benzene ring, the induction effects of the substitutes on the phenyl and solvents. There exists a linear free-energy relationship between rate constants and the basicities of N-substituted phenyl glycines in ortho-positronium-glycine complex formation. It means that the transient complex formation of ortho-positronium with molecules is like a general chemical reaction and obeys classical rules.