在非线性系统中的微观粒子的特性和非线性量子力学理论(上)

在非线性系统中由于存在着与粒子状态相关的非线性相互作用，微观粒子的状态和特征相对于线性系统而发生了很大变化。原有的线性型的量子力学理论不能很好地描述这些微观粒子的状态和特征。至此，必然要发展新的理论。本文研究了微观粒子在非线性作用下的运动特性和本性的变化，说明了在线性作用和非线性场中微观粒子的性质是明显不同的，启示我们必须建立微观粒子在非线性场中运动的新理论。接着我们研究了与微观量子效应迥然不同的宏观量子效应与非线性作用的孤立子运动的紧密关系，结合现代孤立子理论和超导与超流理论，我们首先提出了非线性量子力学的基本原理及在此基础上建立了系统、完整的非线性量子力学理论体系，并得到的一些新结论。最后我们还论证了这个理论的正确性和自洽性，它的运用范围以及它的重大意义。

Properties of Microscopic Particles in the Nonlinear Systems and Theory of Nonlinear Quantum Mechanics

The states properties of the microscopic particles in the nonl inear systems occur great changes relati vely to that in the linear systems due t o the nonlinear interactions related to its states we found from the practical s tudies.Original quantum mechanics is lin ear in which there are a lot of difficul ties,for example,the wave-corpuscle dual ity of the microscopic particle,which ca nnot be solved in the framework of this theory.It cannot be used to describe the laws of motion of the microscopic parti cles in nonlinear systems.Therefore,it i s very necessary to develop continuously the quantum mechanics into the nonlinea r systems.Based on the close relations a mong the nonlinear interaction and solit on motions and macroscopic quantum effec t,incorporating modern theories of super conductor and superfluid and soliton we proposed and established the fundamental principles and theory of nonlinear quan tum mechanics and established its theore tical system.Meanwhile,we give the featu res of this theory and verified its vali dity and self-consistence by modern nonl inear and soliton theories.