基于混合航线结构的集装箱航线与空重箱运输综合优化模型

基于混合航线结构，构建双层规划模型，优化集装箱航线与空重箱运输方案. 基于遗传算法与线性规划优化算法开发改进的遗传算法求解模型. 模型以航线收益最大为目标，同时确定干线靠泊港、干线港靠泊顺序、支线港以及空重箱运输方案. 对某班轮公司亚欧航线的优化结果显示：若用4000TEU船型，需投入9艘船舶，航线的运营收益为每周19.56万美元；而若用10000TEU船型，需投入7艘船舶，航线运营收益为每周31.35万美元. 另外，对比两类船型的航线方案可以看出，随着使用船舶的大型化，轴辐式与环绕式航线成为航线主流结构，这与航运市场的实际情况相符.

Optimization model for container ship routing and empty/full container transport in the context of mixed route structure

A novel model was built to optimize the container ship routing and empty/full containers transport under the mixed route structure. With the objective to maximize the profit, the model determined the calling ports of a trunk line, calling sequence, feeder ports and transport plan of the empty/full containers. A new algorithm which combined genetic algorithm and linear programing algorithm was developed to solve the model. The optimization results of a company's Asia-Europe route show that if the route is operated by 4000-TEU ships, 9 ships are needed and the profit of the carrier is 195.6 thousands USD per week, while if 10000-TEU ships are selected, 7 ships will be deployed and the profit is 313.5 thousands USD. In addition, by comparing the above two shipping schemes with different ship types, it demonstrates that with the use of larger ships, the hub-spoke and multi-port route structures will be the main routing pattern, which is consistent with the actual situation of the shipping market.