不同类型音乐对小鼠空间学习记忆能力及机制的初步研究

目的:观察不同类型音乐对小鼠空间学习记忆能力影响,并对其机制进行初步探讨.方法:健康昆明成年小白鼠57只随机分成3组,空白对照组:不予任何特殊声音刺激,莫扎特音乐组和梁祝音乐组分别播放相应曲目,每天用相应音乐干预2 h,连续4 d.第5 d后进行Morris水迷宫测试,测试期间保持音乐刺激不变,放完音乐后测试潜伏期、经过平台次数和平台象限停留时间,实验结束后处死小鼠取脑组织并匀浆,检测乙酰胆碱酯酶活性(TchE)和单胺氧化酶活性(MAO).结果:梁祝音乐组与对照组、莫扎特音乐组相比,小鼠逃避潜伏期缩短,经过平台次数和平台象限停留时间增加(P＜0.05);而莫扎特音乐组逃避潜伏期,经过平台次数和平台象限停留时间虽有缩短,但与其它两组均无显著性差异.梁祝音乐组与对照组、莫扎特音乐组相比,小鼠脑组织TchE和MAO活性均明显减少(P＜0.05),而莫扎特音乐组的TchE和MAO与其它两组比较差别不大.结论:<梁祝小提琴协奏曲>能明显提高昆明小鼠的空间记忆能力,可能与该音乐引起的脑组织的乙酰胆碱酯酶和单胺氧化酶的活性降低,减少脑组织神经递质的降解,增加其浓度,促进学习记忆能力有关;而在本研究中<莫扎特D大调小提琴协奏曲>效果不明显.

Preliminary studies of spacial learning and memory and its mechanism of mice in different music circumstance

Aim:To study the effects of "Mozart violin concerto in D Major" and "Liangzhu violin concerto" on the learning and memory and the expression of TChE(True choline esterase) and NO(Nitric Oxide) in the cerebra of mice. Methods: The 57 healthy adult mice were divided into divided into following four groups,control group: no special sonic stimulation,Mozart violin concerto groups: Mozart violin concerto in D Major for 2 hours everyday,and Liangzhu violin concerto groups: Liangzhu violin concerto for 2 hours everyday.After 5 days we began to measure the abilities of learning and memory in the Morris water maze.The avoiding latency,the frequency of passing the platform(FPP)and the stay time in the aim quadrant were determine in mice.The activities of TchE and MAO in the cerebra of mice were detected.Results: Exposure to Liangzhu violin concerto,the avoiding latency,the FPP and the stay time in the aim quadrant shorten(P<0.01,vs control group;P<0.05,vs Mozart group).Exposure to Mozart violin concerto in D Major,the same parameters have no difference compared with the other groups. The activities of TchE and MAO in cerebra of Liang Zhu group significantly decreased(P<0.05,vs control group;P<0.05,vs Mozart group).But the activities of TchE and MAO in Mozart group have no difference compared with the other groups.Conclusion:"Liang Zhu violin concerto" improved the abilities of spacial learning and memory in mice.Its mechanism we infer is that the decrement of the activities of TchE and MAO in the cerebra resulted in the increment of neurotransmitters.But "Mozart violin concerto in D Major" have no role in the abilities of spacial learning and memory in mice.