阴离子-阳离子-非离子三元复配型表面活性剂制备微乳化柴油

以磁力搅拌器为分散手段,油酸、十二烷基三甲基溴化铵(DTAB)或十四烷基三甲基溴化铵(TTAB)为主表面活性剂,在NH3.H2O存在的情况下,使用各种醇作助剂制备微乳化柴油,并对其增溶水量的各种影响因素进行研究。结果表明:复配体系TTAB/油酸/NH3.H2O比DTAB/油酸/NH3.H2O的增溶效果好,且在TTAB、油酸、NH3.H2O的摩尔比为1∶20∶17,复配乳化剂用量为3 g,正丁醇用量为3 mL,以0.15 mol/L的NaBr水溶液代替水相制备的微乳化柴油增溶水量最大、成本最低。所制备的微乳化柴油粒径在50～60 nm之间,稳定时间在190 d以上,黏度、密度、腐蚀性均符合国家标准。

Preparation diesel oil microemusion by anionic/cationic/nonionic surfactants

Oleinic acid,dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide(DTAB) or tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide(TTAB) were chosen as the surfactant to prepare diesel oil microemulsion by using ammonia and alcoholic as cosurfactant with magnetic stirrer.The various factors influencing the amount of solubilized water were studied.The results showed that the blend system of DTAB/oleinic acid/ammonia had a better solublization effect than the system of TTAB/oleinic acid/ammonia.When the molar ratio of DTAB,oleinic acid,and ammonia was 1∶20∶17,the weight of total surfactant was 3 g,the volume of butanol was 3 mL,the concentration of NaBr solution was 0.15 mol/L,the amount of solubilized water could be maximized and the cost reduced.The diameter range of diesel oil microemulsion was 50 nm to 60 nm.The viscosity,the density and the corrosion of the diesel oil micro-emulsion met all the national standard for fuel oil with a stable period over 190 d.