油茶果实发育关键时期的叶片DRIS营养诊断研究

选取20个有代表性的油茶林分,对其果实发育关键时期(果实膨大期和油脂转化期)的油茶叶片采用诊断施肥综合法(DRIS)进行矿质营养元素分析.研究表明:1)果实膨大期油茶叶片N、P、K、Fe、Zn、Cu、Mn的适宜含量分别为(14.013±2.612)g·kg、(0.782±0.131)g·kg、(5.511±1.086)g·kg、(195.350±90.536)mg·kg、(23.300±3.931)mg·kg、(10.000±3.496)mg·kg、(2 921.400±1 172.529)mg·kg,且该时期叶片中各矿质元素含量与处于油脂转化期的叶片中各对应矿质元素含量不存在显著差异(P>0.05).2)相关分析发现果实膨大期、油脂转化期油茶叶片中各矿质元素之间存在复杂的相关关系,其中Fe与K在2个时期均存在极显著相关关系(P<0.01),而Fe与Mn、Fe与Zn、K与Mn仅在果实膨大期存在极显著相关关系(P<0.01),N与Fe、P与Mn仅在油脂转化期存在相关关系.3)在供试油茶林分中,丰产林植株对Mn、Fe等微量元素的需求最为强烈; 低产林植株对N、P、K等大量元素的需求较高.丰产林的养分不平衡指数(NII)均值均低于对应时期的低产林,表明低产林中油茶植株体内各矿质元素更为不平衡,是导致其低产的原因之一.

The Nutritional Diagnoses by Used DRIS Method in Leaves of Camellia oleifera During the Key Periods of Fruit Development

This study aimed to reveal the relationships between mineral nutrients in Camellia oleifera leaves to provide a scientific basis for balanced fertilization.Foliar samples which from the fruit growing fast period and oils conversion period were taken from 20 forests in Jiangxi Provinces and foliar nutrition diagnosis was done using Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System(DRIS)method.The results show that the optimum concentrations of N,P,K,Fe,Zn,Cu and Mn in leaves from fruit growing fast period of camellia oleifera are(14.013±2.612)g·kg,(0.782±0.131)g·kg,(5.511±1.086)g·kg,(195.350±90.536)mg·kg,(23.300±3.931)mg·kg,(10.000±3.496)mg·kg,(2 921.400±1 172.529)mg·kg.Moreover,there is no significant difference in each nutrient concentration among the leaves which reached the fruit growing fast period and oil conversion period.The results of correlation analysis indicate that there exists a complex correlation among the nutrients during the different periods.For example,there is significant correlation among Fe and K both in the two periods(P<0.01).Fe and Mn,Fe and Zn,K and Mn have a significant correlation in fruit growing fast period(P<0.01); N and Fe,P and Mn only have a significant correlation in oils conversion period.In all tested forests,the plant in high yield forests much more need Mn and Fe than in low yield forests; whereas the plant in low yield forest much more need N,P and K.The mean value of nutrition imbalance index of high yield forests is less than it in low yield forests which from corresponding period.It points that the nutrition imbalance in plant from low yield forests is serious,and this is one of the reasons leading to low yield.