公正伦理和关怀伦理在道德教育中的互释

公正伦理和关怀伦理为道德教育提供了两种不同的思维方式。柯尔伯格公正伦理的研究对象为男性,其理论关注独立个体的道德推理能力和道德判断能力,试图论证道德原则在道德判断中的重要性,主张将现实生活中的道德难题交给教师和学生共同组成的公正评判委员会裁决。而吉利根和诺丁斯在道德教育中发出＂不同的声音＂,她们认为道德教育应该从＂人的最基本需求＂——关怀出发,通过具体道德情境中差异性主体间的交谈、对话、实践等方式在人际关系中构建＂关系自我＂。公正伦理和关怀伦理在道德教育中相辅相成、互为补充,为我国道德教育的连续性提供了新视角。

MULTUAL INTERPRETATION OF JUSTICE ETHICS AND CARE ETHICS IN MORAL EDUCATION

Justice ethics and care ethics provides moral education with two different thinking approaches. The research subject of Kohlberg＇s justice ethics is man. His theory is about the moral reasoning ability and moral discretion ability of independent individual,which tries to argue the significance of moral principles in moral judgement. However,according to the ＂different voice＂ of Gilligan and Noddings in moral education,they argue that moral education should start from care,＂the most essential demand of human beings＂ and construct ＂relational self＂ in human relationship through talks,exchanges and practices among different subjects in concrete moral situations. Justice ethics and care ethics play together in moral education,which provides a new perspective for the continuity of China＇s moral education.