"构造控灾"理论与"绿色矿区"建设

构造介质、构造形态、构造界面、构造应力相互影响,相互制约,协同作用,为人类地下采矿活动营造了一个特殊的环境——构造环境。在不同的构造环境下,同样强度的地下采矿活动所引起的煤矿区地面沉陷、断陷、开裂的致灾程度有明显差异。与地下开采有关的煤矿区地表环境灾害,虽然源于采动,但其形成与发展,本质上受控于该区域构造环境的内在结构和动态因素。构造环境是决定煤矿区地质环境承载能力的重要因素之一。在开采之前,根据煤矿区构造环境,结合煤矿区土地利用类型对地表移动变形及地下水位变化的敏感度,科学评价煤矿区地质环境的承载能力,为合理规划开采区域或开采强度提供科学依据,是建设"绿色矿区"的基础性工作。

The theory of tectonism controlling hazards and constructing of "green mining areas"

Structural medium,structural shape,structural interface and tectonic stress influence,restrict and cooperate with one another,so as to constitute the tectonic setting of underground mining engineering.In different tectonic setting,the degree of environment hazards such as the subsidence of surface,cracking or collapse induced by the same intensity mining is different.Although ground environment hazards are induced by coal-mining,the hazards are controlled by some dynamic factors and the intrinsic structure of tectonic setting.Tectonic setting is one of decisive factors which affect the bearing capacity of geological environment in coal mining areas.Before mining,based on the tectonic setting of a coal mining area,and the type of land influenced by the surface movement and deformation and change of underground water level,the bearing capacity of geological environment is evaluated scientifically to offer the foundation to plan the mining area or mining intensity reasonable,that is the groundwork to construct "green mining areas".