枸杞多糖的研究与应用

枸杞多糖是枸杞中主要的生物活性成分之一,因具有抗氧化、免疫调节、抗肿瘤等多种功能作用而成为近年来研究的热点。详细介绍了枸杞多糖的制备、生物活性作用及其开发利用现状。枸杞多糖的制备过程包括提取、分离与纯化。提取方法有水提醇沉法、碱液提取法、超声波提取法、微波辅助法等；分离与纯化方法主要有Sevage法、三氯乙酸法、蛋白酶法、活性炭脱色、聚合物-盐双水相系统等,主要是去除多糖中游离蛋白质、色素等杂质,再通过分级沉淀、纤维素离子交换柱层析和凝胶柱层析方法进一步纯化得到单一多糖。此外,还对近年来枸杞多糖在医药、食品、畜牧与饲料等领域的开发利用进行了较详细介绍,并对今后的研究方向进行了展望,旨在为枸杞多糖的进一步研究与开发提供参考。

Research Progress of Lycium barbarum Polysaccharide

Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) is one of the major ingredients responsible for those biological activities in Lycium barbarum L.. It has been the hot spot in recent years because of its various important biological activities, such as antioxidant, immunomodulation and antitumor. The purpose of the present review is to summarize previous and current references regarding the preparation, biological activities as well as development of LBP. The preparation of LBP includes extraction, separation, and purification. The extraction methods contain water extraction and alcohol precipitation, alkali extraction, ultrasonic extraction, and microwave-assisted. Separation and purification methods consist of Sevage, TCA, protease, active carbon, polymer-salt aqueous two-phase systems and other methods. The above methods are used to remove free protein, pigments and other impurities from polysaccharides. After that, precipitation, cellulose ion exchange column chromatography, and gel filtration chromatography are used to purify single polysaccharide. Besides, this article introduces the application of LBP in the pharmaceutical, food, livestock feed, and other areas. The future research directions are suggested for the further study and utilization of LBP.