基于混合灵敏度的某自卸车车厢结构优化设计

基于HyperMesh对某款自卸车车厢结构进行有限元建模,选取了水平弯曲工况和扭转工况进行有限元分析,得到了不同工况下的最大应力和变形,验证了模型的有效性；并对进行了自由模态分析,选取前10阶的固有频率和振型。在分析结果的基础上,以弯、扭刚度及一阶弯、扭模态频率为约束；以车厢结构总质量最小为优化目标,对34组设计变量进行直接灵敏度分析和混合灵敏度分析,得到了4组对结构性能敏感变量及16组不敏感变量,并对4组变量进行厚度增加及16组变量进行减薄处理。最后对选取的20组变量进行模型重构,对优化前后的结构性能进行对比,结果表明在不影响其他性能的前提下,减重9.8 %,取得了较好的优化效果。

Optimization Design of Dump Truck Structure Based on Mixed Sensitivity

Using HyperMesh to perform finite element modeling on the structure of a dump truck compartment, The finite element analysis of horizontal bending and torsional conditions was carried out, and the maximum stress and deformation under different working conditions were obtained, which verified the validity of the model; for the free modal analysis, the natural frequencies and modes of the first ten steps are selected. On the basis of the analysis results, the bending stiffness, torsional stiffness and first order bending mode frequency, first order torsional mode frequency are constrained; taking the minimum total mass of the car structure as the optimization goal, direct sensitivity analysis and mixed sensitivity analysis were performed on 34 sets of design variables. Four sets of structural performance sensitive variables and 16 sets of insensitive variables were obtained, and the thickness of the four sets of variables was increased and the 16 sets of variables were thinned. Finally, the model reconstruction of the selected 20 sets of variables is carried out to compare the structural performance before and after optimization. The results show that the mass of the car structure is decreased by 9.8 % under the condition of ensuring the premise of various performances, and improve optimization efficiency.