湘西“蒿菜粑粑”原料植物的营养成分测定

对湘西自治州各地区风味食品"蒿菜粑粑"的2种原料植物——白蒿(Artemisia princeps Pamp.)和鼠麹草(Gnaphalium affine D.Don)的可食用部位茎与叶,采用常压烘干法、灼烧法、微波消解-ICP-AES测定法、微量凯氏定氮法、蒽酮比色法、酸碱消煮法、紫外分光光度法、索氏抽提法进行各营养成分测定.测定结果表明,2种植物水分质量分数86%~91%,水溶性总糖质量分数6.75%~13.51%,粗纤维素质量分数20.30%~31.90%,粗脂肪质量分数3.70%~6.25%,粗蛋白质量分数5.22%~10.23%,灰分质量分数0.84%~1.30%,维生素C质量分数为99~188μg/g;2种植物所含矿质营养元素丰富,其中以Mg和Fe的质量分数最高;2种原料植物茎中水分、水溶性总糖、粗纤维质量分数都高于叶,粗脂肪、维生素C质量分数则是叶中高于茎,灰分、矿质元素在茎与叶中的质量分数差异不大;整体而言,鼠麹草中的水分、可溶性总糖、粗脂肪质量分数高于白蒿,白蒿中的粗纤维、粗蛋白、灰分、维生素C和矿质元素质量分数高于鼠麹草.

Preliminary Analysis of Nutrients of the Plant Ingredients of“Haocaibaba” in Xiangxi

Two of original plants are usually used as ingredients in the local flavor food “Haocaibaba” in Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture:the Artemisia princes Pamp.and Gnaphalium affine D.Don.The main nutritional components of the edible parts of the plants,including the stems and the leaves,were tested and analyzed respectively，via atmospheric pressure drying method，calcination method，microwave digestion-ICP-AES determination method，kjeldahl determination，anthrone colorimetr，acid and alkali boiling elimination method，ultraviolet spectrophotometry and soxhlet extraction method.The results demonstrated 86%～91% water content,6.75%～13.51% total water soluble sugar content,20.30%～31.90% crude fiber content,3.70%～6.25% crude fat content,5.22%～10.23% crude protein content,0.84%～1.30% ash content,and 0.009 9%~0.018 88% Vitamin C.The mineral nutrition elements were rich in both kinds of plants，especially Mg and Fe.The water content，total water soluble sugar content and crude fiber content in stems were higher than in leaves in two original plant;while crude fat content and Vitamin C content in stems were lower than in the leaves.The ash content and mineral element content were the same in the two parts.Overall,the content of water，total soluble sugar and crude fat in Gnaphalium affine was higher than in Artemisia stelleriana.But the content of crude fiber，crude protein，the ash，Vitamin C and mineral element in affine cudweed was lower than in Artemisia stelleriana.With unique taste and rich nutrition,“Haocaibaba” is worthy of development.