南京地区竹类病害发生状况及防治对策

为查清南京地区竹类病害发生流行状况，笔者通过野外路线踏查和标准地调查相结合，于2007年5月至2009年3月对该地区主要散、混生竹种系统开展了病害发生种类和危害状况调查，并对竹类病害发生流行的主导因子进行了分析。共调查竹种18属107种(含种下等级)，发现竹类病害15种，其中真菌性病害13种、非侵染性病害1种和螨害1种。发生较严重的病害为竹丛枝病(Aciculosporium take)、竹叶枯型丛枝病(Phaeosphaeria bambusae)、刚竹秆褐腐病(Fusarium spp.)、竹叶锈病(Puccinia spp.,Uredo ignava)、竹叶锈褐斑病(Schizotetranychus nanjingensis)等，对竹类生产危害和影响较大。竹类病害的发生流行与竹种、环境条件及经营管理关系密切。在此基础上，提出了在竹类植物栽培过程中要做到适地适竹，科学管理，加强优良竹种选育以及竹类病害研究和检疫等的防治对策。

Occurrence situation and control countermeasures of bamboo diseases in Nanjing

To study the occurrence and prevalence of bamboo disease in Nanjing,this research carried out investigations on kinds of disease,damaged status on scattered and mixed bamboo by the way of field route reconnaissance and sample plot investigation from May 2007 to March 2009,as well as analyzed the main factors of the occurrence and prevalence of bamboo diseases.A total of 18 generas including 107 kinds of bamboo species had been investigated.The results showed that there were 15 kinds of bamboo diseases,among them,13 kinds were fungal diseases,one kind was mite disease and one kind was non-infectious disease.Some bamboo diseases,such as bamboo witches’ broom disease(Aciculosporium take),leaf withered type witches broom disease(Phaeosphaeria bambusae),bamboo stalk brown rot(Fusarium spp.),Bamboo leaf rust(Puccinia spp.,Uredo ignava) and bamboo leaf rust brown spot(Schizotetranychus nanjingensis) were relatively serious.These diseases had great impact on bamboo production.The occurrence epidemic of bamboo diseases were closely related to bamboo species,environmental conditions and operational management.Based on this study,we proposed that the countermeasures,such as pay attention to matching tree species with site,proper management and bamboo diseases research as well as strengthen the plant quarantine,scientifically cultivate bamboo and intensify research efforts,should be exerted to improve the bamboo productivity.