美国行星科学2023—2032年规划及启示

 《起源、世界和生命：2023—2032年行星科学和天体生物学》是美国科学院发布的第3份用于指导太阳系探索未来10年发展的战略规划文件（简称2023规划报告），涵盖科学探测任务、基础前沿研究和先进探测技术等，内容丰富前瞻，引起各界关注。该报告还首次包括了行星防御内容，新增了对空间科学人文和社会价值的阐述。本文解读了该报告的核心内容，指出它聚焦行星起源、太阳系天体（不含太阳）的结构和演化、生命和宜居性3大科学主题，建议美国新实施大中小型系列空间科学任务、继续推进既往2013规划报告推荐的在研任务，并力争在探寻太阳系地外生命前沿与交叉科学领先取得重大突破。

NASA's Planetary Science Decadal Survey 2023-2032 and its enlightenment

Origins,worlds,and life:a decadal strategy for planetary science and astrobiology 2023-2032,the 3rd planetary decadal in 21st century to guide the solar system exploration in the coming 10 years (hereinafter referred to briefly as Decadal 2023),covers a broad range of recommendations such as science missions,research and analysis,and technologies.The article focuses on its three scientific themes,the recommended science program with big,medium and small missions,the deep space probes under development adopted by the previous decadal,and the cross-discipline missions which aim to achieve groundbreaking discovery in search for life elsewhere.Moreover,the Decadal 2023 includes for the first time the elements of planetary defense and state of profession,the latter of which interprets space science's social values.Though the planetary science just started lately in China,it has entered a rapid development phase benefiting from lunar and planetary explorations of China.The article aims to inspire future planetary progress in China through lessons learned from the American planetary decadal practices,e.g.,implementing science-driven missions with cutting-edge technology,emphasizing research and analysis,and investing new instrumentation development.