精准医学中个体与群体关系的伦理辨析

 精准医学极大地变革了疾病的医治理念与诊疗模式， 给人类带来了前所未有的健康福音。通过分析精准医学中个体和群体之间复杂的互动关联， 发现存在个体患者与患者群体的隐私悖论、 个体患者对医疗人员群体的信任缺失、 个体医疗人员与医疗人员群体之间的合作竞争并存、 个体医疗人员对患者群体的伦理责任加重等一系列新的伦理问题。提出只有契合精准医学的价值理念与实践需求， 在对精准医学中个人与群体的关系进行伦理考量与审视的基础上， 构建兼顾隐私保护与信息共享的 “患者共同体”、 和谐友好的 “医患共同体”以及具有聚合力的 “医疗人员共同体”， 同时提高医疗人员的职业道德素养， 才能促进人人参与、 人人共享的中国精准医学战略的实现。

Ethical analysis of individual and group relationship in precision medicine

Precision medicine has greatly changed the concept of disease treatment and the mode of diagnosis and treatment, bringing unprecedented health benefits to human beings. Due to the complex interaction between individual and group in precision medicine, there arises a series of ethical issues, such as the paradoxes of privacy between individual patients and groups of patients, individual patients’lack of trust towards groups of medical personnel, coexistence of cooperation and competition between individual medical personnel and groups of medical personnel, and individual doctors bearing more and more ethical responsibility on groups of patients. This article argues that only when we agree with the value concept and practical needs of precision medicine, lay a basis of ethical consideration, and review the individual and group relationship in precision medicine, can we construct a“a community of shared future for patients”that strikes a balance between privacy protection and information sharing, a harmonious and friendly“doctor-patient community” , a“medical personnel community”with cohesive force, and improve the professional ethics of medical personnel to promote the realization of China’ s precision medicine strategy that everyone can participate in and share.