DNA宏条形码技术在动植物法医鉴定中的应用进展

DNA宏条形码技术是随着2代高通量测序技术的发展而出现的一种物种鉴别技术。该技术结合了DNA条形码技术和高通量测序技术的优点,可以对混合样本中的多物种来源进行同步鉴定。本研究介绍DNA宏条形码技术的含义以及目前的应用需求,分析DNA宏条形码技术在食品、药品监管、打击野生动植物犯罪、刑事案件侦查等司法实践中的应用现状,总结和讨论DNA宏条形码技术应用于动植物法医鉴定领域所面临的问题与挑战,对该技术的发展及应用前景进行展望。目前DNA宏条形码技术已被应用于生命科学的多个领域,但在动植物法医鉴定中的应用仍在起步阶段,虽然现在还面临着许多挑战,但随着测序技术与生物技术的发展,DNA宏条形码技术一定会在动植物法医鉴定领域实现常规化应用,为野生动植物相关犯罪活动的打击、食品药品安全性与合法性的监管提供技术支持。

Recent advances in the application of DNA metabarcoding technology in forensic identification of animals and plants

DNA metabarcoding is a new technology for species identification that has emerged in recent years with the development of high-throughput sequencing techniques.This technology combines the advantages of DNA barcoding technology and high-throughput sequencing technology,which can simultaneously identify the source of multiple species in the mixed samples.This review introduces the definition of DNA metabarcoding technology and its current application requirements.Then,we review the application status of DNA metabarcoding technology in judicial practice,such as food and drug supervision,wildlife crime fighting and criminal investigations.Finally,we summarize the difficulties and challenges of metabarcoding in the field of forensic identification of animals and plants,and discuss the development and application prospects of this technology.At present,DNA metabarcoding technology has been applied in many fields of life sciences,but its use in the forensic identification of animals and plants is still in its early stage.Although it still faces many challenges,with the rapid development of sequencing technology and biotechnology,DNA metabarcoding technology will achieve routine applications in the field of forensic identification of animals and plants,providing technical support to combat wildlife-related criminals and supervise food and drug safety and legality.