河流水-气界面碳交换研究进展及趋势

河流水-气界面碳交换是区域和全球碳循环的重要环节, 对陆地碳平衡核算和碳循环模型优化具有重要意义. 介绍了全球河流水-气界面碳交换研究的相关进展, 以及现有研究存在的问题, 并在此基础上提出今后相关的研究应关注不同地质-生态和人类活动干扰背景下河流及中小河流水-气界面碳交换, 要综合利用双碳同位素示踪、化学计量学、生物标志物等方法辨识河流系统中CO₂, CH₄ 及其他形态碳的来源和迁移转化过程, 同时还要利用野外原位观测、传统采样分析和室内培养的方法开展“水-土/沉积物-气”多界面碳交换的系统综合研究,揭示控制河流系统水-气界面碳交换的关键因子, 为相关预测模型的建立以及流域的科学管理提供依据.

Recent advances in the research of gaseous carbon exchange between river water and air interface

Gaseous carbon exchange between river water and air interface is an important link of regional and global carbon cycle. It is essential to the precious estimation of terrestrial carbon budget and optimization of carbon cycle model. In this paper, the importance and recent progress in the study of riverine CO₂/CH₄ exchange between water-air interface are introduced, and insufficiency in the related study is pointed out. In the future, more researches need to be carried out on CO₂/CH₄ exchange between water-air interface of rivers under various geo-eco system and human impacts. Methods of paired carbon isotopes, stoichiometry, biomarker, etc., should be used to trace the sources of gaseous carbon (and other carbon forms) and their relative contributions, and to discover related carbon turn over processes. It is suggested that researches combining filed in-situ observing, traditional sample analysis, and laboratory experiments be conducted in the study of carbon exchange between multi-interfaces of soil-water, soil-air, sediment-water and water-air. Key factors that affect carbon exchange between water-air interface should be revealed. The study will provide abasis for related model development and watershed management.