城市生命线地震震害相互影响

电力、煤气、交通、给排水、通信等城市生命线系统，虽然各成系统并各自独立运行，但由于生命线之间存在互用性、相互制约性与互相替代性、近距离共存性等特性，地震灾害发生后，不同的生命线之间产生多种形式的震害影响。对中国唐山地震、美国北岭地震和日本兵库县南部地震等严重地震灾害城市生命线震害的研究表明，生命线之间震害的主要影响形式是构造影响、机能影响、恢复障碍影响和诱发次生灾害等。依据多次严重地震灾害生命线震害的事实，绘制了生命线震害相互影响图。以该图为基础，提出了一种生命线对其它生命线的影响度概念，给出了各生命线影响度的计算式。比较研究了生命线影响度序与震后恢复时序的相关性。分析了以影响度序为基础确定生命线震后恢复时序的依据以及影响震后恢复时序的主要因素。实践表明，生命线震后影响度序与震后恢复时序有很高的吻合性。

The study of the mutual effectsvon earthquake desaster between urban lifelines

The urban lifelines include many different systems,such as electric power,gas,transportation,water supply,drainage,communication and so on,and they work separately.Because they benefit,circumscribe,and substitute mutually,and coexist nearby,when earthquake occurs,these lifelines will interact and affect each other on disaster.The research on urban lifelines earthquake disaster during the Tangshan earthquake in China,the Northridge earthquake is US,and the Hyogoken-Nanbu earthquake in Japan shows that these lifelines affect structures and functions in each other,form recovery obstacles for each other and lead to secondary disaster.According to the fact of lifeline disaster in many earthquakes,a figure showing how these lifelines affect each other is made.Based on this figure,the concept of effect degree,meaning how greatly one lifeline works on others,and its calculation formula.The relationship between the sequence o lifeline effect degree and the time sequence of post-quade recovery is studied.As the result these two sequences are well accordant.