我国农村剩余劳动力转移状况分析——现状，挑战与对策

本文分析了我国农村剩余劳动力转移的新特性：①近年来剩余劳动力转移的增速不断下降，农民工3-资上涨，同时农村从事农业的劳动力比重下降，结构劣化，进一步转移劳动力困难；②转移劳动力出现区域重新配置的迹象，然而这种迹象受东中西部地区劳动力成本同步上升等因素阻碍；③“新生代”农民工的幸福感普遍偏低，可能成为城市的隐患。因此应完善城市社会保障体系与公共服务，提高农民工的城市待遇，建立农民工稳定的劳动关系。加强农民工技能培训力度，通过提高农民工整体的技能水平来抵消由于工资水平上涨带来的劳动力成本上升的效应。要逐渐将服务业作为吸收劳动力的主渠道。

Analysis of Rural Surplus Labor Migration in China: Status, Challenges and Countermeasures

This study investigates the new features of rural surplus labor migration in China. Firstly, the growth rate of the rural surplus labor migration has declined in recent years. Wage of migrant workers has risen, and the proportion of agricultural labor whose structural becomes deterioration has declined in rural areas .All those make it difficult for further transfer of rural labor force. Secondly, the rural labor migration arises signs of regional reconfigure which hindered by such factors as synchronized rise in labor cost in eastern, central and western regions. Finally, most of new born migrant workers feel unhappy, and they may become hidden dangers of the city. Therefore, the government should improve the urban social security system and public services, enhance the treatment of migrant workers in the city, establish stable labor relations for migrant workers, strengthen skills training for migrant workers which can improve the overall skill level of them in order to offset the effects of rising labor costs brought by rising wage levels, and gradually make the service sectors as the main employment channels of rural surplus labor force.