古洪水平流沉积基本特征

根据淮河响洪甸、滹沱河黄壁庄、长江三峡及黄河小浪底古洪水研究所取得的古洪水平流沉物样品及实验分析，研究了古洪水水中的关键问题－－古洪水平流沉积的野外观测及实验分析特征，研究表明：沉积环境、沉积物的颜色及沉积物的层理等可以指示现场寻找和判断洪水干充沉积；沉积物的粒度、矿物组成成分及孢子花粉分析可以进一步确定该沉积物是否是古洪水平流沉积及洪水发生时期、洪水来源等。

Basic Characteristics of Paleoflood Slack Water Deposits

Paleoflood study,an advanced way of design flood evaluation,depends on slack water deposits,the carrier of flood information,to obtain the time of flood events as well as the water level.So,one of the key techniques in paleoflood study is to find slack water deposits and made correct judgements.Some basic characteristics for determining slack water deposits are discussed.The results show that the depositing environment,the color of sediments as well as the layers of deposits may indicate where the flood slack water deposits can be found and how they can be judged in the field;the analysis of the size,components as well as the spore pollen can help determine if they are real flood slack water deposits,when they occurred and where the flood came from.