考虑自动驾驶专用道和组合管理策略的通勤行为建模及分析

考虑自动驾驶背景下新型多模式通勤方式并存的情景,设置存在自动驾驶汽车专用道,即传统汽车与自动驾驶汽车分离出行的双车道交通系统,基于瓶颈模型进行建模,分析实施可交易电子路票与鼓励合乘组合管理策略前后对路票市场价格、通勤者出行方式选择和自动驾驶汽车内生渗透率的影响,并以系统总成本改善效果最佳为目标,协同优化组合管理策略参数。研究表明:实施组合管理策略后,路票市场价格可唯一确定;部分独驾通勤者转向合乘出行,系统总车辆数减少,两车道的早高峰持续时间均缩短,交通拥堵得到改善;存在满足特定关系的组合管理策略参数使得系统总成本改善最佳,且能够得到系统最优时的私人自动驾驶汽车和共享自动驾驶汽车的市场渗透率。本研究可为未来城市交通管理提供新的思路。

Modelling and Analysis on Commuting Behaviors Considering Dedicated Autonomous Vehicle Lane and Combined Management Strategy

Considering the coexistence of new multi-mode commuting modes under the background of autonomous driving, a dedicated lane for autonomous vehicles was set up, that is, a two-lane traffic system in which traditional cars and autonomous vehicles travel separately. Based on the bottleneck model, the effects of the combined management strategy of tradable credit scheme and encouraging carpooling the credit price, commuters'' choice of travel mode and endogenous penetration rate of autonomous vehicles were analyzed before and after the implementation of the combined management strategy, and the parameters of the combined management strategy with the goal of the optimal improvement effect of the total system cost were collaboratively optimized. The results show that the market price of the tradable credit can be uniquely determined after the combined management strategy is implemented. The total number of vehicles in the system is reduced, the duration of the morning rush hour in both lanes is shortened, and the traffic congestion is improved. There are combined management strategy parameters that satisfy the specific relationship to optimize the total system cost improvement, and the market penetration of private and shared autonomous vehicles can be obtained when the system is optimal. The research can provide new ideas for future urban traffic management.