基于四维消耗的公交线网优化模型及蚁群算法

针对城市公交线网的优化问题,应用四维消耗概念进行了综合研究,给出了公交线网优化的多目标线性规划模型及蚁群算法.在定义时间、空间、环境、能源等四维消耗概念的基础上,从点、线、面3个方面对公交线网优化问题进行研究.在考虑效益最大化、成本最小化、发展可持续化的情况下,利用效用函数建立了公交线网优化的多目标线性规划模型.并用蚁群算法对多目标线性规划模型求解,得到最佳的公交线路网络布局结构和公交线网运营效率.实例表明,利用蚁群算法优化后公交线网利用率增大、可达性良好、乘客出行时间减少,优化结果符合城市交通的实际情况,该方法合理可行.

Optimization model of public traffic network and ant algorithm with four dimensions consumption

Aimed at the optimization problem for public traffic line network,a new method and algorithm of public traffic line network optimization is presented using the concept of four dimensions consumption.Based on the definition of four dimensions consumption concept,including time,space,environment and energy,constraint conditions and objective function are analyzed on three facets: points,lines and range.Taking the benefits maximization and costs minimization and sustainable development as the objectives a network optimization model is developed.A multi-objective linear programming model of public transportation optimization is established.Ant algorithm is used to plan the public transport network. The best layout structure of public traffic line network and the best operational efficiency of public traffic system can then be achieved.The application results show that the multi-objective linear programming model not only meets the transport demands,but also implements the environment protection objective and improves the utilization ratio of urban public traffic line network.The optimization results accord with the real situation.The method is feasible.