物理学史中的过渡理论与科学进步

物理学史中的过渡理论有三个层次,第一层次是理论建立之前的"前理论"或"准理论",第二层次是由经典物理学走向现代物理学过程中出现的过渡理论,第三层次是物理学思潮转变过程中的过渡状态.过渡理论的进步主要是结构意义上的,即以知识量的增加和知识要素的结合为主要特征.物理学理论进步的形式有三种:从无到有即发生、在理论内部实现的进步以及从科学领域走向非科学领域.成熟理论的进步大多属于后两种,而过渡理论的进步大多表现在前两个方面.过渡理论的进步,其局限性在于理论的拼合性和矛盾性.

TRANSITIONAL THEORY IN HISTORY OF PHYSICS AND SCIENCE PROGRESS

There are three hierarchies in respect of transitional theory in history of physics,the first is "fore-theory" or "quasi-theory",it exists before theory establishment,the second is transitional theory existed in process from classical physics to modern physics,the third is a kind of transitional phase in transition process of physical climate.The major character of progress for transitional theory find expression in structural meaning,i.e.increase the quantity of knowledge or combination of knowledge factor.There are three kinds of progressive form in physical theory: generation,progress occurred in theory inner,from science region to unscientific sphere.The progress comes from mature theory are largely the latter,however,The progress comes from transitional theory are largely the former.The limitation of transitional theory is abutting contradiction.