民事司法鉴定性质的证据法理分析

在德国、日本及我国台湾地区的民事证据理论上，将鉴定人视为证据方法存在不妥之处。鉴定本质上是法官在鉴定人之辅助下，以被鉴定之物为证据方法、原则上须依当事人申请而启动的证据调查之职权行为。鉴定结论为证据资料。我国学界对司法鉴定之性质的界定有欠准确，因而导致民事司法鉴定外延泛化、混同鉴定之独立性与中立性、对鉴定结论之性质认识错误以及忽视鉴定实施过程中对当事人的程序权利保障等缺陷。

Nature of Civil Forensic Viewed from Evidence Theory

In the evidence theory of Germany, Japan and Taiwan of China, the nature of appraisal which should be activated in principles by one party＇ s application is the judge＇ s conduct of investigation with the help of the appraiser. The beweimittel is material appraised and appraisal conclusion is beweisstoff. Because our understanding of the nature of appraisal is not precise, the scope of appraisal is extensive, we confuse independence with impartiality of appraisal, we misunderstand the nature of appraisal conclusion and ignore the parties＇ procedure right in implementation of appraisal.