政府在促进集群发展中的角色与作用——西班牙巴斯克地区集群策动案例解析

政府可否通过政策干预促进集群产生和发展？政府应该何时，以何种方式介入集群发展？欧洲各国为此做了大量政策试验，积累了不少经验与教训。我们在解答这些问题时，参考借鉴他们的做法和经验可以降低政策探索的成本。在西班牙巴斯克地区集群策动案例中，政府是集群策动的发起者，为集群策动提供资助，并通过提出要求和制度框架规范集群策动活动，但却不参与和干涉集群策动的具体决策与活动。政府是集群策动幕后的推动者、支持者和诱导者。

The Role and Function of Government in Promoting Cluster Development -- Spain＇s Basque Country Cluster Initiative Case Study

Whether government can promote the emergence and development ot clusters Dy policy intervention？ How to intervene the clusters development？ When and in what way？ European countries have made much of policy test, and accumulated abundant experience. When answering these questions, our drawing on their experience would reduces the cost to explore new policies. In Spain＇ s Basque Country cluster initiative case, government is a sponsor. Although the government funds the cluster initiative and normalizes the initiative activities, it drops out of the initiative activities and does not intervene concrete decision making and activities. The government takes a role as a pusher, supporter and inductor behind the scenes.