海面油层扩展

综述了海面油层扩展的前期研究成果，对油层扩展的基本控制方程重新进行了推导，并作了右干改进和修正，并指出，原油或成品油的组成成份十分复杂，各自有不同的密度扩散率，粘度，表面张力，挥发性和可溶性也不一样，而且一些环境条件，如海水的温度，盐度和生物特性等等，也可在某种程度上导致石油的物理性质的改变，文中对若干与油层扩展密切相关的物理化学因素和过程也作了讨论。

Oil Spreading on the Sea

The work on oil spreading on the sea has been reviewed. Some basic equations have been carefully re derived and modified. The review shows that the existing investigation on wave effects has been very limited. It has also pointed out that crude or commercial oils are made up of a very large number of constituents, each of which has different density, diffusivity,viscosity,surface tension, as well as volatility and solubility. Furthermore, some environmental conditions, such as temperature, salinity and biological properties of sea water may determine, to some extent, the changes of the physical properties. Therefore, some physicochemical factors and processes closely related to oil spreading has been discussed in the paper.