古印度主要哲学经典中的“我”的观念

“我”的观念是古印度哲学讨论的基本问题。印度最早提出系统哲学思想的奥义书，就将其作为论述的中心。印度后世主要哲学派别的根本经典也对“我”提出了种种看法。婆罗门教和耆那教哲学的主要经典持有我论，佛教和顺世论的主要文献则基本持无我论。但无论是有我论还是无我论都有不同的表述，具体内容实际有种种差别。探讨分析这方面的内容，对于在总体上把握印度哲学的核心思想，认识东方文化的特色，具有积极意义。

The Concept of Atman in the Main Philosophic Classics of Ancient India

The concept of Atman is the basic issue studied in ancient Indian philosophy. The Upanisads which put forward earli- est systematic philosophical ideas in India take it as the focus of the discussion. Apart from that, the basic classics of later Indian philosophical schools also propose a variety of opinions about the concept of Atman. The main philosophic classics of Brahman- ism and Jainism hold that Atman is existent while the literatures of Buddhism and Lokayata consider it as non - existent. Howev- er, there are different expressions and contents both in the theory of Atman being existent and the theory of Atman being non - existent. Therefore, it is of vital importance to grasp the core thoughts of Indian philosophy and understand the characteristics of oriental cultural on the exploration of the concept of Atman.