风暴潮洪水淹没计算模型研究

在水文学原理和GIS的基础上,考虑了洪水淹没的两种形式:工程条件下的溃堤式淹没和无工程条件下的漫滩式淹没。针对以上两种淹没形式,分别建立了进水量计算模型和洪水淹没演进模型。淹没演进模型的构建以地形概化为基础,根据上海市沿海区域下垫面特性和堤防、道路等线状阻水建筑物的分布,以及地势等因素将地形划分为地理单元和计算单元。地理单元控制淹没水流流向,计算单元辅助计算淹没水量和水位。模型较为出色地体现了地形地貌对洪水淹没的关键影响作用,为洪水风险图制作研究提供了新方法。

Simulation Models of Flood Inundation Due to Storm Tide

Based on hydrology and GIS, models of flood inundation were developed. At first, two cases of flood inundation were considered, one inundated case with the protection of flood defence structures called levee breach inundation and another case without the protection of flood defence structures called floodplain inundation. In the two cases above, inflow calculating models and flood routing models were established respectively. Flood routing models were established on the basis of terrain generalization, geographic cells and calculating cells were plotted in terms of the underlying surface properties and the distributions of linear waterproofing constructions such as river banks and roads, as well as geomorphology etc. Geographic cells were applied to ascertain flow direction and calculating cells assisted calculating flood volume and flood water level. In the models, the dominant influence of terrain on the flood inundation has been exhibited well. Meanwhile simulation results indicate that the models proposed can be adopted in real-time simulation and in the further research of flood risk map.