重庆缙云山楠竹林土壤水文作用研究

森林具有经济价值和涵养水源、保持水土等生态效能.土壤层是森林发挥水源涵养功能的第三活动层,在森林-土壤系统中,只有具备良好森林植被结构的林型和深厚优良结构的土壤层,才可能取得最大的水文生态效益,而水分蓄存均取决于土壤孔隙度的大小和性质.以重庆缙云山国家级自然保护区的楠竹林为研究对象,并以广泛分布的常绿阔叶林作为对照.对楠竹林和常绿阔叶林内土壤的含水量、土壤体积质量、孔隙度和持水力及土壤的pH值进行了测定.结果表明:随着土层的增加,土壤体积质量增加,而孔隙度减小;楠竹林和阔叶林土壤为酸性,楠竹林的pH值随土层的增加而增加,阔叶林的pH值随土层的增加而减小;楠竹林的土壤质地较阔叶林疏松多孔,渗水、保水效果较阔叶林的好.

On Hydrological Effects of Soil in Phyllostachys Pubescens Forest in Jinyun Mountain in Chongqing

Forest is of economic value and possesses the function of conserving water and soil.Soil layer is the third active layer of hydrological effects.Only the better structure of forest-vegetation type and the better depth of soil layer can maximize the hydro-ecological effect in the soil-forest system.However,water conservation is decided by soil pore and its characteristics.Taking the soil in Phyllostachys pubescens forest in Jinyun Mountain in Chongqing as a study object and taking even green broad-leaved forest which is widely distributed in Jinyun Mountain as a reference.Soil bulk density,soil porosity,and its capacity of water conservation have been measured in Phyllostachys pubescens forest and even green broad-leaved forest.The outcomes show that a) in general,the soil bulk density has the tendency of increase and the porosity has the tendency of decrease along with the increase of soil depth;b)the value of pH has the tendency of increasing in Phyllostachys pubescens forest and has the tendency of decrease in even green broad-leaved forest along with the increase of soil depth;c) the soil quality is looser,soil pore is more,and moisture capacity and permeability are better in Phyllostachys pubescens forest than those in evergreen broad-leaved forest.